Microstructure-informed deep learning improves thalamic atrophy segmentation and clinical associations in multiple sclerosis and related neuroimmunological diseases - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41795481/
Thalamic atrophy is a sensitive imaging marker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders, though thalamus segmentation remains method-dependent. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) may enhance thalamic boundary...
Deep learning–based MRI segmentation improved thalamic atrophy measurement in multiple sclerosis. The MindGlide model showed the strongest associations with disability and cognitive outcomes, enhancing longitudinal monitoring of neurodegeneration in neuroimmunological diseases.
Elucidating the Causal Relationships Between B Cells, Dendritic Cells, and Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41764039/
This study offers a comprehensive examination of immune cell contributions to MS pathogenesis, identifying potential therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers. Given the side effects of anti-B cell monoclonal antibodies in...
Mendelian randomization study identifying causal associations between B cells, dendritic cells, and multiple sclerosis susceptibility, highlighting HLA-mediated antigen presentation pathways, pleiotropic genes, immune alterations, and implications for targeted, precision immunotherapy strategies.
Pain in multiple sclerosis: clinical phenotypes and therapeutic strategies - a narrative review - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41717397/
Pain is common and disabling across all MS phenotypes but is often insufficiently addressed in clinical practice. A mechanism-based classification combined with individualized, multimodal treatment offers the most promising framework...
Narrative review highlights high prevalence of pain in multiple sclerosis, detailing nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic phenotypes. Evidence for targeted therapies remains limited, supporting individualized, multimodal, mechanism-based management strategies.
Adenosine A₂A receptor as a dual-acting molecular switch: Glial morphological changes and neurovascular tissue remodeling in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41690071/
Neuroinflammation appears in a variety of neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The adenosine A₂A receptor (A₂AR), a Gs protein-coupled...
Review examines adenosine A₂A receptor signaling in neuroinflammation, highlighting context-dependent glial activation, blood-brain barrier modulation, and therapeutic targeting strategies relevant to multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Dynamics and Impact of Repopulating Microglia Following Oligodendroglial Damage - PubMed
Source : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41645884/
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease that primarily affects young adults. Active demyelination and neurodegeneration have been associated with early microglial and astroglial activation. While reactive microglia...
Experimental in vitro study shows CSF-1R–mediated microglial depletion followed by repopulation yields less activated microglia that support oligodendroglial survival and differentiation, despite limited debris clearance, highlighting remyelination-relevant microglial modulation strategies.